Image configuration resources | Images | OpenShift Container Platform 4.11

Image controller configuration parameters
Configuring image registry settings

Use the following procedure to configure image registries.

Image controller configuration parameters

The image.config.openshift.io/cluster resource holds cluster-wide information about how to handle images. The canonical, and only valid name is cluster. Its spec offers the following configuration parameters.

Parameters such as DisableScheduledImport, MaxImagesBulkImportedPerRepository, MaxScheduledImportsPerMinute, ScheduledImageImportMinimumIntervalSeconds, InternalRegistryHostname are not configurable.

Parameter Description

Parameter	Description
`allowedRegistriesForImport`	Limits the container image registries from which normal users can import images. Set this list to the registries that you trust to contain valid images, and that you want applications to be able to import from. Users with permission to create images or `ImageStreamMappings` from the API are not affected by this policy. Typically only cluster administrators have the appropriate permissions. Every element of this list contains a location of the registry specified by the registry domain name. `domainName`: Specifies a domain name for the registry. If the registry uses a non-standard `80` or `443` port, the port should be included in the domain name as well. `insecure`: Insecure indicates whether the registry is secure or insecure. By default, if not otherwise specified, the registry is assumed to be secure.
`additionalTrustedCA`	A reference to a config map containing additional CAs that should be trusted during `image stream import`, `pod image pull`, `openshift-image-registry pullthrough`, and builds. The namespace for this config map is `openshift-config`. The format of the config map is to use the registry hostname as the key, and the PEM-encoded certificate as the value, for each additional registry CA to trust.
`externalRegistryHostnames`	Provides the hostnames for the default external image registry. The external hostname should be set only when the image registry is exposed externally. The first value is used in `publicDockerImageRepository` field in image streams. The value must be in `hostname[:port]` format.
`registrySources`	Contains configuration that determines how the container runtime should treat individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. For instance, whether or not to allow insecure access. It does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry. `insecureRegistries`: Registries which do not have a valid TLS certificate or only support HTTP connections. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (``) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, `.example.com`. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: `reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest`. `blockedRegistries`: Registries for which image pull and push actions are denied. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (``) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, `.example.com`. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: `reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest`. All other registries are allowed. `allowedRegistries`: Registries for which image pull and push actions are allowed. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (``) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, `.example.com`. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: `reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest`. All other registries are blocked. `containerRuntimeSearchRegistries`: Registries for which image pull and push actions are allowed using image short names. All other registries are blocked. Either `blockedRegistries` or `allowedRegistries` can be set, but not both.

allowedRegistriesForImport

Limits the container image registries from which normal users can import images. Set this list to the registries that you trust to contain valid images, and that you want applications to be able to import from. Users with permission to create images or ImageStreamMappings from the API are not affected by this policy. Typically only cluster administrators have the appropriate permissions.

Every element of this list contains a location of the registry specified by the registry domain name.

domainName: Specifies a domain name for the registry. If the registry uses a non-standard 80 or 443 port, the port should be included in the domain name as well.

insecure: Insecure indicates whether the registry is secure or insecure. By default, if not otherwise specified, the registry is assumed to be secure.

additionalTrustedCA

A reference to a config map containing additional CAs that should be trusted during image stream import, pod image pull, openshift-image-registry pullthrough, and builds.

The namespace for this config map is openshift-config. The format of the config map is to use the registry hostname as the key, and the PEM-encoded certificate as the value, for each additional registry CA to trust.

externalRegistryHostnames

Provides the hostnames for the default external image registry. The external hostname should be set only when the image registry is exposed externally. The first value is used in publicDockerImageRepository field in image streams. The value must be in hostname[:port] format.

registrySources

Contains configuration that determines how the container runtime should treat individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. For instance, whether or not to allow insecure access. It does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry.

insecureRegistries: Registries which do not have a valid TLS certificate or only support HTTP connections. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (*) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, *.example.com. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest.

blockedRegistries: Registries for which image pull and push actions are denied. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (*) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, *.example.com. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest. All other registries are allowed.

allowedRegistries: Registries for which image pull and push actions are allowed. To specify all subdomains, add the asterisk (*) wildcard character as a prefix to the domain name. For example, *.example.com. You can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest. All other registries are blocked.

containerRuntimeSearchRegistries: Registries for which image pull and push actions are allowed using image short names. All other registries are blocked.

Either blockedRegistries or allowedRegistries can be set, but not both.

When the allowedRegistries parameter is defined, all registries, including registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the default internal image registry, are blocked unless explicitly listed. When using the parameter, to prevent pod failure, add all registries including the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the internalRegistryHostname to the allowedRegistries list, as they are required by payload images within your environment. For disconnected clusters, mirror registries should also be added.

The status field of the image.config.openshift.io/cluster resource holds observed values from the cluster.

Parameter Description

Parameter	Description
`internalRegistryHostname`	Set by the Image Registry Operator, which controls the `internalRegistryHostname`. It sets the hostname for the default internal image registry. The value must be in `hostname[:port]` format. For backward compatibility, you can still use the `OPENSHIFT_DEFAULT_REGISTRY` environment variable, but this setting overrides the environment variable.
`externalRegistryHostnames`	Set by the Image Registry Operator, provides the external hostnames for the image registry when it is exposed externally. The first value is used in `publicDockerImageRepository` field in image streams. The values must be in `hostname[:port]` format.

internalRegistryHostname

Set by the Image Registry Operator, which controls the internalRegistryHostname. It sets the hostname for the default internal image registry. The value must be in hostname[:port] format. For backward compatibility, you can still use the OPENSHIFT_DEFAULT_REGISTRY environment variable, but this setting overrides the environment variable.

externalRegistryHostnames

Set by the Image Registry Operator, provides the external hostnames for the image registry when it is exposed externally. The first value is used in publicDockerImageRepository field in image streams. The values must be in hostname[:port] format.

Configuring image registry settings

You can configure image registry settings by editing the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource (CR). The Machine Config Operator (MCO) watches the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR for any changes to the registries and reboots the nodes when it detects changes.

Procedure

Edit the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource:

$ oc edit image.config.openshift.io/cluster

The following is an example image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR:

apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
kind: Image (1)
metadata:
  annotations:
    release.openshift.io/create-only: "true"
  creationTimestamp: "2019-05-17T13:44:26Z"
  generation: 1
  name: cluster
  resourceVersion: "8302"
  selfLink: /apis/config.openshift.io/v1/images/cluster
  uid: e34555da-78a9-11e9-b92b-06d6c7da38dc
spec:
  allowedRegistriesForImport: (2)
    - domainName: quay.io
      insecure: false
  additionalTrustedCA: (3)
    name: myconfigmap
  registrySources: (4)
    allowedRegistries:
    - example.com
    - quay.io
    - registry.redhat.io
    - image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000
    - reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest
    insecureRegistries:
    - insecure.com
status:
  internalRegistryHostname: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000

1	`Image`: Holds cluster-wide information about how to handle images. The canonical, and only valid name is `cluster`.
2	`allowedRegistriesForImport`: Limits the container image registries from which normal users may import images. Set this list to the registries that you trust to contain valid images, and that you want applications to be able to import from. Users with permission to create images or `ImageStreamMappings` from the API are not affected by this policy. Typically only cluster administrators have the appropriate permissions.
3	`additionalTrustedCA`: A reference to a config map containing additional certificate authorities (CA) that are trusted during image stream import, pod image pull, `openshift-image-registry` pullthrough, and builds. The namespace for this config map is `openshift-config`. The format of the config map is to use the registry hostname as the key, and the PEM certificate as the value, for each additional registry CA to trust.
4	`registrySources`: Contains configuration that determines whether the container runtime allows or blocks individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. Either the `allowedRegistries` parameter or the `blockedRegistries` parameter can be set, but not both. You can also define whether or not to allow access to insecure registries or registries that allow registries that use image short names. This example uses the `allowedRegistries` parameter, which defines the registries that are allowed to be used. The insecure registry `insecure.com` is also allowed. The `registrySources` parameter does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry.

When the allowedRegistries parameter is defined, all registries, including the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the default internal image registry, are blocked unless explicitly listed. If you use the parameter, to prevent pod failure, you must add the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the internalRegistryHostname to the allowedRegistries list, as they are required by payload images within your environment. Do not add the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries to the blockedRegistries list.

When using the allowedRegistries, blockedRegistries, or insecureRegistries parameter, you can specify an individual repository within a registry. For example: reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest.

Insecure external registries should be avoided to reduce possible security risks.

To check that the changes are applied, list your nodes:

$ oc get nodes

Example output

NAME                                       STATUS                     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-master-0         Ready                         master   98m   v1.24.0
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-master-1         Ready,SchedulingDisabled      master   99m   v1.24.0
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-master-2         Ready                         master   98m   v1.24.0
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-worker-b-nsnd4   Ready                         worker   90m   v1.24.0
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-worker-c-5z2gz   NotReady,SchedulingDisabled   worker   90m   v1.24.0
ci-ln-j5cd0qt-f76d1-vfj5x-worker-d-stsjv   Ready                         worker   90m   v1.24.0

Adding specific registries

You can add a list of registries, and optionally an individual repository within a registry, that are permitted for image pull and push actions by editing the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource (CR). OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster.

When pulling or pushing images, the container runtime searches the registries listed under the registrySources parameter in the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR. If you created a list of registries under the allowedRegistries parameter, the container runtime searches only those registries. Registries not in the list are blocked.

When the allowedRegistries parameter is defined, all registries, including the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the default internal image registry, are blocked unless explicitly listed. If you use the parameter, to prevent pod failure, add the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the internalRegistryHostname to the allowedRegistries list, as they are required by payload images within your environment. For disconnected clusters, mirror registries should also be added.

Procedure

Edit the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR:

$ oc edit image.config.openshift.io/cluster

The following is an example image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR with an allowed list:

apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
kind: Image
metadata:
  annotations:
    release.openshift.io/create-only: "true"
  creationTimestamp: "2019-05-17T13:44:26Z"
  generation: 1
  name: cluster
  resourceVersion: "8302"
  selfLink: /apis/config.openshift.io/v1/images/cluster
  uid: e34555da-78a9-11e9-b92b-06d6c7da38dc
spec:
  registrySources: (1)
    allowedRegistries: (2)
    - example.com
    - quay.io
    - registry.redhat.io
    - reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest
    - image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000
status:
  internalRegistryHostname: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000

1	Contains configurations that determine how the container runtime should treat individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. It does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry.
2	Specify registries, and optionally a repository in that registry, to use for image pull and push actions. All other registries are blocked.

Either the allowedRegistries parameter or the blockedRegistries parameter can be set, but not both.

The Machine Config Operator (MCO) watches the image.config.openshift.io/cluster resource for any changes to the registries. When the MCO detects a change, it drains the nodes, applies the change, and uncordons the nodes. After the nodes return to the Ready state, the allowed registries list is used to update the image signature policy in the /host/etc/containers/policy.json file on each node.

To check that the registries have been added to the policy file, use the following command on a node:

$ cat /host/etc/containers/policy.json

The following policy indicates that only images from the example.com, quay.io, and registry.redhat.io registries are permitted for image pulls and pushes:

Example image signature policy file

{
   "default":[
      {
         "type":"reject"
      }
   ],
   "transports":{
      "atomic":{
         "example.com":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "insecure.com":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "quay.io":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "reg4.io/myrepo/myapp:latest":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "registry.redhat.io":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ]
      },
      "docker":{
         "example.com":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "insecure.com":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "quay.io":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "reg4.io/myrepo/myapp:latest":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ],
         "registry.redhat.io":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ]
      },
      "docker-daemon":{
         "":[
            {
               "type":"insecureAcceptAnything"
            }
         ]
      }
   }
}

If your cluster uses the registrySources.insecureRegistries parameter, ensure that any insecure registries are included in the allowed list.

For example:

spec:
  registrySources:
    insecureRegistries:
    - insecure.com
    allowedRegistries:
    - example.com
    - quay.io
    - registry.redhat.io
    - insecure.com
    - image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000

Blocking specific registries

You can block any registry, and optionally an individual repository within a registry, by editing the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource (CR). OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster.

When pulling or pushing images, the container runtime searches the registries listed under the registrySources parameter in the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR. If you created a list of registries under the blockedRegistries parameter, the container runtime does not search those registries. All other registries are allowed.

To prevent pod failure, do not add the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries to the blockedRegistries list, as they are required by payload images within your environment.

Procedure

Edit the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR:

$ oc edit image.config.openshift.io/cluster

The following is an example image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR with a blocked list:

apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
kind: Image
metadata:
  annotations:
    release.openshift.io/create-only: "true"
  creationTimestamp: "2019-05-17T13:44:26Z"
  generation: 1
  name: cluster
  resourceVersion: "8302"
  selfLink: /apis/config.openshift.io/v1/images/cluster
  uid: e34555da-78a9-11e9-b92b-06d6c7da38dc
spec:
  registrySources: (1)
    blockedRegistries: (2)
    - untrusted.com
    - reg1.io/myrepo/myapp:latest
status:
  internalRegistryHostname: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000

1	Contains configurations that determine how the container runtime should treat individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. It does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry.
2	Specify registries, and optionally a repository in that registry, that should not be used for image pull and push actions. All other registries are allowed.

Either the blockedRegistries registry or the allowedRegistries registry can be set, but not both.

The Machine Config Operator (MCO) watches the image.config.openshift.io/cluster resource for any changes to the registries. When the MCO detects a change, it drains the nodes, applies the change, and uncordons the nodes. After the nodes return to the Ready state, changes to the blocked registries appear in the /etc/containers/registries.conf file on each node.

To check that the registries have been added to the policy file, use the following command on a node:
```
$ cat /host/etc/containers/registries.conf
```
The following example indicates that images from the untrusted.com registry are prevented for image pulls and pushes:
Example output
```
unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"]

[[registry]]
  prefix = ""
  location = "untrusted.com"
  blocked = true
```

Blocking a payload registry

In a mirroring configuration, you can block upstream payload registries in a disconnected environment using a ImageContentSourcePolicy (ICSP) object. The following example procedure demonstrates how to block the quay.io/openshift-payload payload registry.

Procedure

Create the mirror configuration using an ImageContentSourcePolicy (ICSP) object to mirror the payload to a registry in your instance. The following example ICSP file mirrors the payload internal-mirror.io/openshift-payload:

apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1
kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy
metadata:
  name: my-icsp
spec:
  repositoryDigestMirrors:
  - mirrors:
    - internal-mirror.io/openshift-payload
    source: quay.io/openshift-payload

After the object deploys onto your nodes, verify that the mirror configuration is set by checking the /etc/containers/registries.conf file:

Example output

[[registry]]
  prefix = ""
  location = "quay.io/openshift-payload"
  mirror-by-digest-only = true

[[registry.mirror]]
  location = "internal-mirror.io/openshift-payload"

Use the following command to edit the image.config.openshift.io custom resource file:
```
$ oc edit image.config.openshift.io cluster
```
To block the payload registry, add the following configuration to the image.config.openshift.io custom resource file:
```
spec:
  registrySource:
    blockedRegistries:
     - quay.io/openshift-payload
```

Verification

Verify that the upstream payload registry is blocked by checking the /etc/containers/registries.conf file on the node.

Example output

[[registry]]
  prefix = ""
  location = "quay.io/openshift-payload"
  blocked = true
  mirror-by-digest-only = true

[[registry.mirror]]
  location = "internal-mirror.io/openshift-payload"

Allowing insecure registries

You can add insecure registries, and optionally an individual repository within a registry, by editing the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource (CR). OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster.

Registries that do not use valid SSL certificates or do not require HTTPS connections are considered insecure.

Insecure external registries should be avoided to reduce possible security risks.

Procedure

Edit the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR:

$ oc edit image.config.openshift.io/cluster

The following is an example image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR with an insecure registries list:

apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
kind: Image
metadata:
  annotations:
    release.openshift.io/create-only: "true"
  creationTimestamp: "2019-05-17T13:44:26Z"
  generation: 1
  name: cluster
  resourceVersion: "8302"
  selfLink: /apis/config.openshift.io/v1/images/cluster
  uid: e34555da-78a9-11e9-b92b-06d6c7da38dc
spec:
  registrySources: (1)
    insecureRegistries: (2)
    - insecure.com
    - reg4.io/myrepo/myapp:latest
    allowedRegistries:
    - example.com
    - quay.io
    - registry.redhat.io
    - insecure.com (3)
    - reg4.io/myrepo/myapp:latest
    - image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000
status:
  internalRegistryHostname: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000

1	Contains configurations that determine how the container runtime should treat individual registries when accessing images for builds and pods. It does not contain configuration for the internal cluster registry.
2	Specify an insecure registry. You can specify a repository in that registry.
3	Ensure that any insecure registries are included in the `allowedRegistries` list.

When the allowedRegistries parameter is defined, all registries, including the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the default internal image registry, are blocked unless explicitly listed. If you use the parameter, to prevent pod failure, add all registries including the registry.redhat.io and quay.io registries and the internalRegistryHostname to the allowedRegistries list, as they are required by payload images within your environment. For disconnected clusters, mirror registries should also be added.

The Machine Config Operator (MCO) watches the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR for any changes to the registries, then drains and uncordons the nodes when it detects changes. After the nodes return to the Ready state, changes to the insecure and blocked registries appear in the /etc/containers/registries.conf file on each node.

To check that the registries have been added to the policy file, use the following command on a node:
```
$ cat /host/etc/containers/registries.conf
```
The following example indicates that images from the insecure.com registry is insecure and is allowed for image pulls and pushes.
Example output
```
unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"]

[[registry]]
  prefix = ""
  location = "insecure.com"
  insecure = true
```

Adding registries that allow image short names

You can add registries to search for an image short name by editing the image.config.openshift.io/cluster custom resource (CR). OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster.

An image short name enables you to search for images without including the fully qualified domain name in the pull spec. For example, you could use rhel7/etcd instead of registry.access.redhat.com/rhe7/etcd.

You might use short names in situations where using the full path is not practical. For example, if your cluster references multiple internal registries whose DNS changes frequently, you would need to update the fully qualified domain names in your pull specs with each change. In this case, using an image short name might be beneficial.

When pulling or pushing images, the container runtime searches the registries listed under the registrySources parameter in the image.config.openshift.io/cluster CR. If you created a list of registries under the containerRuntimeSearchRegistries parameter, when pulling an image with a short name, the container runtime searches those registries.

Using image short names with public registries is strongly discouraged. You should use image short names with only internal or private registries.

If you list public registries under the containerRuntimeSearchRegistries parameter, you expose your credentials to all the registries on the list and you ri