Configuring an additional network - Multiple networks | Networking

Approaches to managing an additional network
Configuration for an additional network attachment
- Configuration of an additional network through the Cluster Network Operator
- Configuration of an additional network from a YAML manifest
Configurations for additional network types
Configuration of IP address assignment for an additional network
Creating an additional network attachment with the Cluster Network Operator
Creating an additional network attachment by applying a YAML manifest

As a cluster administrator, you can configure an additional network for your cluster. The following network types are supported:

Approaches to managing an additional network

You can manage the life cycle of an additional network by two approaches. Each approach is mutually exclusive and you can only use one approach for managing an additional network at a time. For either approach, the additional network is managed by a Container Network Interface (CNI) plug-in that you configure.

For an additional network, IP addresses are provisioned through an IP Address Management (IPAM) CNI plug-in that you configure as part of the additional network. The IPAM plug-in supports a variety of IP address assignment approaches including DHCP and static assignment.

Modify the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration: The CNO automatically creates and manages the NetworkAttachmentDefinition object. In addition to managing the object lifecycle the CNO ensures a DHCP is available for an additional network that uses a DHCP assigned IP address.
Applying a YAML manifest: You can manage the additional network directly by creating an NetworkAttachmentDefinition object. This approach allows for the chaining of CNI plug-ins.

Configuration for an additional network attachment

An additional network is configured via the NetworkAttachmentDefinition API in the k8s.cni.cncf.io API group.

Do not store any sensitive information or a secret in the NetworkAttachmentDefinition object because this information is accessible by the project administration user.

The configuration for the API is described in the following table:

Table 1. `NetworkAttachmentDefinition` API fields
Field	Type	Description
`metadata.name`	`string`	The name for the additional network.
`metadata.namespace`	`string`	The namespace that the object is associated with.
`spec.config`	`string`	The CNI plug-in configuration in JSON format.

Configuration of an additional network through the Cluster Network Operator

The configuration for an additional network attachment is specified as part of the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration.

The following YAML describes the configuration parameters for managing an additional network with the CNO:

Cluster Network Operator configuration

apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
  name: cluster
spec:
  # ...
  additionalNetworks: (1)
  - name: <name> (2)
    namespace: <namespace> (3)
    rawCNIConfig: |- (4)
      {
        ...
      }
    type: Raw

1	An array of one or more additional network configurations.
2	The name for the additional network attachment that you are creating. The name must be unique within the specified `namespace`.
3	The namespace to create the network attachment in. If you do not specify a value, then the `default` namespace is used.
4	A CNI plug-in configuration in JSON format.

Configuration of an additional network from a YAML manifest

The configuration for an additional network is specified from a YAML configuration file, such as in the following example:

apiVersion: k8s.cni.cncf.io/v1
kind: NetworkAttachmentDefinition
metadata:
  name: <name> (1)
spec:
  config: |- (2)
    {
      ...
    }

1	The name for the additional network attachment that you are creating.
2	A CNI plug-in configuration in JSON format.

Configurations for additional network types

The specific configuration fields for additional networks is described in the following sections.

Configuration for a bridge additional network

The following object describes the configuration parameters for the bridge CNI plug-in:

Table 2. Bridge CNI plug-in JSON configuration object
Field	Type	Description
`cniVersion`	`string`	The CNI specification version. The `0.3.1` value is required.
`name`	`string`	The value for the `name` parameter you provided previously for the CNO configuration.
`type`	`string`
`bridge`	`string`	Specify the name of the virtual bridge to use. If the bridge interface does not exist on the host, it is created. The default value is `cni0`.
`ipam`	`object`	The configuration object for the IPAM CNI plug-in. The plug-in manages IP address assignment for the attachment definition.
`ipMasq`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to enable IP masquerading for traffic that leaves the virtual network. The source IP address for all traffic is rewritten to the bridge’s IP address. If the bridge does not have an IP address, this setting has no effect. The default value is `false`.
`isGateway`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to assign an IP address to the bridge. The default value is `false`.
`isDefaultGateway`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to configure the bridge as the default gateway for the virtual network. The default value is `false`. If `isDefaultGateway` is set to `true`, then `isGateway` is also set to `true` automatically.
`forceAddress`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to allow assignment of a previously assigned IP address to the virtual bridge. When set to `false`, if an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address from overlapping subsets is assigned to the virtual bridge, an error occurs. The default value is `false`.
`hairpinMode`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to allow the virtual bridge to send an Ethernet frame back through the virtual port it was received on. This mode is also known as reflective relay. The default value is `false`.
`promiscMode`	`boolean`	Set to `true` to enable promiscuous mode on the bridge. The default value is `false`.
`vlan`	`string`	Specify a virtual LAN (VLAN) tag as an integer value. By default, no VLAN tag is assigned.
`mtu`	`string`	Set the maximum transmission unit (MTU) to the specified value. The default value is automatically set by the kernel.

bridge configuration example

The following example configures an additional network named bridge-net:

{
  "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
  "name": "work-network",
  "type": "bridge",
  "isGateway": true,
  "vlan": 2,
  "ipam": {
    "type": "dhcp"
    }
}

Configuration for a host device additional network

Specify your network device by setting only one of the following parameters: device, hwaddr, kernelpath, or pciBusID.

The following object describes the configuration parameters for the host-device CNI plug-in:

Table 3. Host device CNI plug-in JSON configuration object
Field	Type	Description
`cniVersion`	`string`	The CNI specification version. The `0.3.1` value is required.
`name`	`string`	The value for the `name` parameter you provided previously for the CNO configuration.
`type`	`string`	The name of the CNI plug-in to configure: `host-device`.
`device`	`string`	Optional: The name of the device, such as `eth0`.
`hwaddr`	`string`	Optional: The device hardware MAC address.
`kernelpath`	`string`	Optional: The Linux kernel device path, such as `/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.6`.
`pciBusID`	`string`	Optional: The PCI address of the network device, such as `0000:00:1f.6`.

host-device configuration example

The following example configures an additional network named hostdev-net:

{
  "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
  "name": "work-network",
  "type": "host-device",
  "device": "eth1"
}

Configuration for an IPVLAN additional network

The following object describes the configuration parameters for the IPVLAN CNI plug-in:

Table 4. IPVLAN CNI plug-in JSON configuration object
Field	Type	Description
`cniVersion`	`string`	The CNI specification version. The `0.3.1` value is required.
`name`	`string`	The value for the `name` parameter you provided previously for the CNO configuration.
`type`	`string`	The name of the CNI plug-in to configure: `ipvlan`.
`mode`	`string`	The operating mode for the virtual network. The value must be `l2`, `l3`, or `l3s`. The default value is `l2`.
`master`	`string`	The Ethernet interface to associate with the network attachment. If a `master` is not specified, the interface for the default network route is used.
`mtu`	`integer`	Set the maximum transmission unit (MTU) to the specified value. The default value is automatically set by the kernel.
`ipam`	`object`	The configuration object for the IPAM CNI plug-in. The plug-in manages IP address assignment for the attachment definition. Do not specify `dhcp`. Configuring IPVLAN with DHCP is not supported because IPVLAN interfaces share the MAC address with the host interface.

ipvlan configuration example

The following example configures an additional network named ipvlan-net:

{
  "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
  "name": "work-network",
  "type": "ipvlan",
  "master": "eth1",
  "mode": "l3",
  "ipam": {
    "type": "static",
    "addresses": [
       {
         "address": "192.168.10.10/24"
       }
    ]
  }
}

Configuration for a MACVLAN additional network

The following object describes the configuration parameters for the macvlan CNI plug-in:

Table 5. MACVLAN CNI plug-in JSON configuration object
Field	Type	Description
`cniVersion`	`string`	The CNI specification version. The `0.3.1` value is required.
`name`	`string`	The value for the `name` parameter you provided previously for the CNO configuration.
`type`	`string`	The name of the CNI plug-in to configure: `macvlan`.
`mode`	`string`	Configures traffic visibility on the virtual network. Must be either `bridge`, `passthru`, `private`, or `vepa`. If a value is not provided, the default value is `bridge`.
`master`	`string`	The Ethernet, bonded, or VLAN interface to associate with the virtual interface. If a value is not specified, then the host system’s primary Ethernet interface is used.
`mtu`	`string`	The maximum transmission unit (MTU) to the specified value. The default value is automatically set by the kernel.
`ipam`	`object`	The configuration object for the IPAM CNI plug-in. The plug-in manages IP address assignment for the attachment definition.

macvlan configuration example

The following example configures an additional network named macvlan-net:

{
  "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
  "name": "macvlan-net",
  "type": "macvlan",
  "master": "eth1",
  "mode": "bridge",
  "ipam": {
    "type": "dhcp"
    }
}

Configuration of IP address assignment for an additional network

The IP address management (IPAM) Container Network Interface (CNI) plug-in provides IP addresses for other CNI plug-ins.

You can use the following IP address assignment types:

Static assignment.
Dynamic assignment through a DHCP server. The DHCP server you specify must be reachable from the additional network.
Dynamic assignment through the Whereabouts IPAM CNI plug-in.

Static IP address assignment configuration

The following table describes the configuration for static IP address assignment:

Table 6. `ipam` static configuration object
Field	Type	Description
`type`	`string`	The IPAM address type. The value `static` is required.
`addresses`	`array`	An array of objects specifying IP addresses to assign to the virtual interface. Both IPv4 and IPv6 IP addresses are supported.
`routes`	`array`	An array of objects specifying routes to configure inside the pod.
`dns`	`array`	Optional: An array of objects specifying the DNS configuration.

The addresses array requires objects with the following fields:

Table 7. `ipam.addresses[]` array
Field	Type	Description
`address`	`string`	An IP address and network prefix that you specify. For example, if you specify `10.10.21.10/24`, then the additional network is assigned an IP address of `10.10.21.10` and the netmask is `255.255.255.0`.
`gateway`	`string`	The default gateway to route egress network traffic to.

Table 8. `ipam.routes[]` array
Field	Type	Description
`dst`	`string`	The IP address range in CIDR format, such as `192.168.17.0/24` or `0.0.0.0/0` for the default route.
`gw`	`string`