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Preparing to update to OpenShift Container Platform 4.9

OpenShift Container Platform 4.9 uses Kubernetes 1.22, which removed a significant number of deprecated v1beta1 APIs.

OpenShift Container Platform 4.8.14 introduced a requirement that an administrator must provide a manual acknowledgment before the cluster can be updated from OpenShift Container Platform 4.8 to 4.9. This is to help prevent issues after upgrading to OpenShift Container Platform 4.9, where APIs that have been removed are still in use by workloads, tools, or other components running on or interacting with the cluster. Administrators must evaluate their cluster for any APIs in use that will be removed and migrate the affected components to use the appropriate new API version. After this evaluation and migration is complete, the administrator can provide the acknowledgment.

Before you can update your OpenShift Container Platform 4.8 cluster to 4.9, you must provide the administrator acknowledgment.

Removed Kubernetes APIs

OpenShift Container Platform 4.9 uses Kubernetes 1.22, which removed the following deprecated v1beta1 APIs. You must migrate manifests and API clients to use the v1 API version. For more information about migrating removed APIs, see the Kubernetes documentation.

Table 1. v1beta1 APIs removed from Kubernetes 1.22
Resource API Notable changes

APIService

apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

CertificateSigningRequest

certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

ClusterRole

rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

ClusterRoleBinding

rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

CSIDriver

storage.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

CSINode

storage.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

CustomResourceDefinition

apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

Ingress

extensions/v1beta1

Yes

Ingress

networking.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

IngressClass

networking.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

Lease

coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

LocalSubjectAccessReview

authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

MutatingWebhookConfiguration

admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

PriorityClass

scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

Role

rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

RoleBinding

rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

SelfSubjectAccessReview

authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

StorageClass

storage.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

SubjectAccessReview

authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

TokenReview

authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

ValidatingWebhookConfiguration

admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1

Yes

VolumeAttachment

storage.k8s.io/v1beta1

No

Evaluating your cluster for removed APIs

There are several methods to help administrators identify where APIs that will be removed are in use. However, OpenShift Container Platform cannot identify all instances, especially workloads that are idle or external tools that are used. It is the responsibility of the administrator to properly evaluate all workloads and other integrations for instances of removed APIs.

Reviewing alerts to identify uses of removed APIs

Two alerts fire when an API is in use that will be removed in the next release:

  • APIRemovedInNextReleaseInUse - for APIs that will be removed in the next OpenShift Container Platform release.

  • APIRemovedInNextEUSReleaseInUse - for APIs that will be removed in the next OpenShift Container Platform Extended Update Support (EUS) release.

If either of these alerts are firing in your cluster, review the alerts and take action to clear the alerts by migrating manifests and API clients to use the new API version.

Use the APIRequestCount API to get more information about which APIs are in use and which workloads are using removed APIs, because the alerts do not provide this information. Additionally, some APIs might not trigger these alerts but are still captured by APIRequestCount. The alerts are tuned to be less sensitive to avoid alerting fatigue in production systems.

Using APIRequestCount to identify uses of removed APIs

You can use the APIRequestCount API to track API requests and review whether any of them are using one of the removed APIs.

Prerequisites

  • You must have access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role.

Procedure

  • Run the following command and examine the REMOVEDINRELEASE column of the output to identify the removed APIs that are currently in use:

    $ oc get apirequestcounts
    Example output
    NAME                                        REMOVEDINRELEASE   REQUESTSINCURRENTHOUR   REQUESTSINLAST24H
cloudcredentials.v1.operator.openshift.io                      32                      111
ingresses.v1.networking.k8s.io                                 28                      110
ingresses.v1beta1.extensions                1.22               16                      66
ingresses.v1beta1.networking.k8s.io         1.22               0                       1
installplans.v1alpha1.operators.coreos.com                     93                      167
...

    You can safely ignore the following entries that appear in the results:

    • The system:serviceaccount:kube-system:generic-garbage-collector and the system:serviceaccount:kube-system:namespace-controller users might appear in the results because these services invoke all registered APIs when searching for resources to remove.

    • The system:kube-controller-manager and system:cluster-policy-controller users might appear in the results because they walk through all resources while enforcing various policies.

    You can also use -o jsonpath to filter the results:

    $ oc get apirequestcounts -o jsonpath='{range .items[?(@.status.removedInRelease!="")]}{.status.removedInRelease}{"\t"}{.metadata.name}{"\n"}{end}'
    Example output
    1.22    certificatesigningrequests.v1beta1.certificates.k8s.io
1.22    ingresses.v1beta1.extensions
1.22    ingresses.v1beta1.networking.k8s.io

Using APIRequestCount to identify which workloads are using the removed APIs

You can examine the APIRequestCount resource for a given API version to help identify which workloads are using the API.

Prerequisites

  • You must have access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role.

Procedure

  • Run the following command and examine the username and userAgent fields to help identify the workloads that are using the API:

    $ oc get apirequestcounts <resource>.<version>.<group> -o yaml

    For example:

    $ oc get apirequestcounts ingresses.v1beta1.networking.k8s.io -o yaml

    You can also use -o jsonpath to extract the username and userAgent values from an APIRequestCount resource:

    $ oc get apirequestcounts ingresses.v1beta1.networking.k8s.io \
  -o jsonpath='{range .status.currentHour..byUser[*]}{..byVerb[*].verb}{","}{.username}{","}{.userAgent}{"\n"}{end}' \
  | sort -k 2 -t, -u | column -t -s, -NVERBS,USERNAME,USERAGENT
    Example output
    VERBS  USERNAME                        USERAGENT
watch  bob                             oc/v4.8.11
watch  system:kube-controller-manager  cluster-policy-controller/v0.0.0

Migrating instances of removed APIs

For information on how to migrate removed Kubernetes APIs, see the Deprecated API Migration Guide in the Kubernetes documentation.

Providing the administrator acknowledgment

After you have evaluated your cluster for any removed APIs and have migrated any removed APIs, you can acknowledge that your cluster is ready to upgrade from OpenShift Container Platform 4.8 to 4.9.

Be aware that all responsibility falls on the administrator to ensure that all uses of removed APIs have been resolved and migrated as necessary before providing this administrator acknowledgment. OpenShift Container Platform can assist with the evaluation, but cannot identify all possible uses of removed APIs, especially idle workloads or external tools.
Prerequisites

  • You must have access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role.

Procedure

  • Run the following command to acknowledge that you have completed the evaluation and your cluster is ready to upgrade to OpenShift Container Platform 4.9:

    $ oc -n openshift-config patch cm admin-acks --patch '{"data":{"ack-4.8-kube-1.22-api-removals-in-4.9":"true"}}' --type=merge