$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)
In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.15, you can install a cluster into an existing Alibaba Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) on Alibaba Cloud Services. The installation program provisions the required infrastructure, which can then be customized. To customize the VPC installation, modify the parameters in the 'install-config.yaml' file before you install the cluster.
The scope of the OpenShift Container Platform installation configurations is intentionally narrow. It is designed for simplicity and ensured success. You can complete many more OpenShift Container Platform configuration tasks after an installation completes. |
Alibaba Cloud on OpenShift Container Platform is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process. For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see Technology Preview Features Support Scope. |
You reviewed details about the OpenShift Container Platform installation and update processes.
You read the documentation on selecting a cluster installation method and preparing it for users.
If you use a firewall, you configured it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.
If the cloud Resource Access Management (RAM) APIs are not accessible in your environment, or if you do not want to store an administrator-level credential secret in the kube-system
namespace, you can manually create and maintain Resource Access Management (RAM) credentials.
In OpenShift Container Platform 4.15, you can deploy a cluster into existing subnets in an existing Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in the Alibaba Cloud Platform. By deploying OpenShift Container Platform into an existing Alibaba VPC, you can avoid limit constraints in new accounts and more easily adhere to your organization’s operational constraints. If you cannot obtain the infrastructure creation permissions that are required to create the VPC yourself, use this installation option. You must configure networking using vSwitches.
The union of the VPC CIDR block and the machine network CIDR must be non-empty. The vSwitches must be within the machine network.
The installation program does not create the following components:
VPC
vSwitches
Route table
NAT gateway
The installation program requires that you use the cloud-provided DNS server. Using a custom DNS server is not supported and causes the installation to fail. |
To ensure that the vSwitches you provide are suitable, the installation program confirms the following data:
All the vSwitches that you specify must exist.
You have provided one or more vSwitches for control plane machines and compute machines.
The vSwitches' CIDRs belong to the machine CIDR that you specified.
Some individuals can create different resources in your cloud than others. For example, you might be able to create application-specific items, like instances, buckets, and load balancers, but not networking-related components, such as VPCs or vSwitches.
If you deploy OpenShift Container Platform into an existing network, the isolation of cluster services is reduced in the following ways:
You can install multiple OpenShift Container Platform clusters in the same VPC.
ICMP ingress is allowed to the entire network.
TCP 22 ingress (SSH) is allowed to the entire network.
Control plane TCP 6443 ingress (Kubernetes API) is allowed to the entire network.
Control plane TCP 22623 ingress (MCS) is allowed to the entire network.
In OpenShift Container Platform 4.15, you require access to the internet to install your cluster.
You must have internet access to:
Access OpenShift Cluster Manager to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the required content and use it to populate a mirror registry with the installation packages. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry. |
During an OpenShift Container Platform installation, you can provide an SSH public key to the installation program. The key is passed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) nodes through their Ignition config files and is used to authenticate SSH access to the nodes. The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
list for the core
user on each node, which enables password-less authentication.
After the key is passed to the nodes, you can use the key pair to SSH in to the RHCOS nodes as the user core
. To access the nodes through SSH, the private key identity must be managed by SSH for your local user.
If you want to SSH in to your cluster nodes to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, you must provide the SSH public key during the installation process. The ./openshift-install gather
command also requires the SSH public key to be in place on the cluster nodes.
Do not skip this procedure in production environments, where disaster recovery and debugging is required. |
You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs. |
If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)
1 | Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 , of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory. |
If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses the RHEL cryptographic libraries that have been submitted to NIST for FIPS 140-2/140-3 Validation on only the |
View the public SSH key:
$ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub
For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
public key:
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather
command.
On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as |
If the ssh-agent
process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:
$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Agent pid 31874
If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA. |
Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent
:
$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> (1)
1 | Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 |
Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.
Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on the host you are using for installation.
You have a computer that runs Linux or macOS, with at least 1.2 GB of local disk space.
Go to the Cluster Type page on the Red Hat Hybrid Cloud Console. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
Select your infrastructure provider from the Run it yourself section of the page.
Select your host operating system and architecture from the dropdown menus under OpenShift Installer and click Download Installer.
Place the downloaded file in the directory where you want to store the installation configuration files.
|
Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
$ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
Download your installation pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.
Alternatively, you can retrieve the installation program from the Red Hat Customer Portal, where you can specify a version of the installation program to download. However, you must have an active subscription to access this page. |
You can customize the OpenShift Container Platform cluster you install on Alibaba Cloud.
You have the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
Create the install-config.yaml
file.
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:
$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the directory name to store the
files that the installation program creates. |
When specifying the directory:
Verify that the directory has the execute
permission. This permission is required to run Terraform binaries under the installation directory.
Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.
At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:
Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.
For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your |
Select alibabacloud as the platform to target.
Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
Provide a descriptive name for your cluster.
Installing the cluster into Alibaba Cloud requires that the Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) operate in manual mode. Modify the install-config.yaml
file to set the credentialsMode
parameter to Manual
:
credentialsMode
set to Manual
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: cluster1.example.com
credentialsMode: Manual (1)
compute:
- architecture: amd64
hyperthreading: Enabled
...
1 | Add this line to set the credentialsMode to Manual . |
Modify the install-config.yaml
file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the "Installation configuration parameters" section.
Back up the install-config.yaml
file so that you can use
it to install multiple clusters.
The |
You can customize the installation configuration file (install-config.yaml
) to specify more details about
your cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required
parameters.
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: alicloud-dev.devcluster.openshift.com
credentialsMode: Manual
compute:
- architecture: amd64
hyperthreading: Enabled
name: worker
platform: {}
replicas: 3
controlPlane:
architecture: amd64
hyperthreading: Enabled
name: master
platform: {}
replicas: 3
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
name: test-cluster (1)
networking:
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16
networkType: OVNKubernetes (2)
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
alibabacloud:
defaultMachinePlatform: (3)
instanceType: ecs.g6.xlarge
systemDiskCategory: cloud_efficiency
systemDiskSize: 200
region: ap-southeast-1 (4)
resourceGroupID: rg-acfnw6j3hyai (5)
vpcID: vpc-0xifdjerdibmaqvtjob2b (8)
vswitchIDs: (8)
- vsw-0xi8ycgwc8wv5rhviwdq5
- vsw-0xiy6v3z2tedv009b4pz2
publish: External
pullSecret: '{"auths": {"cloud.openshift.com": {"auth": ... }' (6)
sshKey: |
ssh-rsa AAAA... (7)
1 | Required. The installation program prompts you for a cluster name. |
2 | The cluster network plugin to install. The default value OVNKubernetes is the only supported value. |
3 | Optional. Specify parameters for machine pools that do not define their own platform configuration. |
4 | Required. The installation program prompts you for the region to deploy the cluster to. |
5 | Optional. Specify an existing resource group where the cluster should be installed. |
6 | Required. The installation program prompts you for the pull secret. |
7 | Optional. The installation program prompts you for the SSH key value that you use to access the machines in your cluster. |
8 | Optional. These are example vswitchID values. |
You must generate the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files that the cluster needs to configure the machines.
Generate the manifests by running the following command from the directory that contains the installation program:
$ openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory>
where:
<installation_directory>
Specifies the directory in which the installation program creates files.
To create and manage cloud credentials from outside of the cluster when the Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) is operating in manual mode, extract and prepare the CCO utility (ccoctl
) binary.
The |
You have access to an OpenShift Container Platform account with cluster administrator access.
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (oc
).
Set a variable for the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:
$ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')
Obtain the CCO container image from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:
$ CCO_IMAGE=$(oc adm release info --image-for='cloud-credential-operator' $RELEASE_IMAGE -a ~/.pull-secret)
Ensure that the architecture of the |
Extract the ccoctl
binary from the CCO container image within the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:
$ oc image extract $CCO_IMAGE --file="/usr/bin/ccoctl" -a ~/.pull-secret
Change the permissions to make ccoctl
executable by running the following command:
$ chmod 775 ccoctl
To verify that ccoctl
is ready to use, display the help file. Use a relative file name when you run the command, for example:
$ ./ccoctl.rhel9
OpenShift credentials provisioning tool
Usage:
ccoctl [command]
Available Commands:
alibabacloud Manage credentials objects for alibaba cloud
aws Manage credentials objects for AWS cloud
azure Manage credentials objects for Azure
gcp Manage credentials objects for Google cloud
help Help about any command
ibmcloud Manage credentials objects for IBM Cloud
nutanix Manage credentials objects for Nutanix
Flags:
-h, --help help for ccoctl
Use "ccoctl [command] --help" for more information about a command.
You can use the OpenShift Container Platform Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) utility to automate the creation of Alibaba Cloud RAM users and policies for each in-cluster component.
By default, |
You must have:
Extracted and prepared the ccoctl
binary.
Created a RAM user with sufficient permission to create the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
Added the AccessKeyID (access_key_id
) and AccessKeySecret (access_key_secret
) of that RAM user into the ~/.alibabacloud/credentials
file on your local computer.
Set a $RELEASE_IMAGE
variable with the release image from your installation file by running the following command:
$ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')
Extract the list of CredentialsRequest
objects from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:
$ oc adm release extract \
--from=$RELEASE_IMAGE \
--credentials-requests \
--included \(1)
--install-config=<path_to_directory_with_installation_configuration>/install-config.yaml \(2)
--to=<path_to_directory_for_credentials_requests> (3)
1 | The --included parameter includes only the manifests that your specific cluster configuration requires. |
2 | Specify the location of the install-config.yaml file. |
3 | Specify the path to the directory where you want to store the CredentialsRequest objects. If the specified directory does not exist, this command creates it. |
This command might take a few moments to run. |
Use the ccoctl
tool to process all CredentialsRequest
objects by running the following command:
Run the following command to use the tool:
$ ccoctl alibabacloud create-ram-users \
--name <name> \(1)
--region=<alibaba_region> \(2)
--credentials-requests-dir=<path_to_credentials_requests_directory> \(3)
--output-dir=<path_to_ccoctl_output_dir> (4)
1 | Specify the name used to tag any cloud resources that are created for tracking. |
2 | Specify the Alibaba Cloud region in which cloud resources will be created. |
3 | Specify the directory containing the files for the component CredentialsRequest objects. |
4 | Specify the directory where the generated component credentials secrets will be placed. |
If your cluster uses Technology Preview features that are enabled by the |
2022/02/11 16:18:26 Created RAM User: user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials
2022/02/11 16:18:27 Ready for creating new ram policy user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials-policy-policy
2022/02/11 16:18:27 RAM policy user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials-policy-policy has created
2022/02/11 16:18:28 Policy user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials-policy-policy has attached on user user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials
2022/02/11 16:18:29 Created access keys for RAM User: user1-alicloud-openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials
2022/02/11 16:18:29 Saved credentials configuration to: user1-alicloud/manifests/openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials-credentials.yaml
...
A RAM user can have up to two AccessKeys at the same time. If you run |
Verify that the OpenShift Container Platform secrets are created:
$ ls <path_to_ccoctl_output_dir>/manifests
openshift-cluster-csi-drivers-alibaba-disk-credentials-credentials.yaml
openshift-image-registry-installer-cloud-credentials-credentials.yaml
openshift-ingress-operator-cloud-credentials-credentials.yaml
openshift-machine-api-alibabacloud-credentials-credentials.yaml
You can verify that the RAM users and policies are created by querying Alibaba Cloud. For more information, refer to Alibaba Cloud documentation on listing RAM users and policies.
Copy the generated credential files to the target manifests directory:
$ cp ./<path_to_ccoctl_output_dir>/manifests/*credentials.yaml ./<path_to_installation>dir>/manifests/
where:
<path_to_ccoctl_output_dir>
Specifies the directory created by the ccoctl alibabacloud create-ram-users
command.
<path_to_installation_dir>
Specifies the directory in which the installation program creates files.
You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.
You can run the |
You have configured an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
You have the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
You have verified that the cloud provider account on your host has the correct permissions to deploy the cluster. An account with incorrect permissions causes the installation process to fail with an error message that displays the missing permissions.
Change to the directory that contains the installation program and initialize the cluster deployment:
$ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir <installation_directory> \ (1)
--log-level=info (2)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the
location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file. |
2 | To view different installation details, specify warn , debug , or
error instead of info . |
When the cluster deployment completes successfully:
The terminal displays directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to the web console and credentials for the kubeadmin
user.
Credential information also outputs to <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log
.
Do not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster. |
...
INFO Install complete!
INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "password"
INFO Time elapsed: 36m22s
|
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) to interact with
OpenShift Container Platform
from a command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of |
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Linux Client entry and save the file.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvf <file>
Place the oc
binary in a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Windows Client entry and save the file.
Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the oc
binary to a directory that is on your PATH
.
To check your PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:
C:\> path
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc
command:
C:\> oc <command>
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 macOS Client entry and save the file.
For macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.15 macOS arm64 Client entry. |
Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.
To check your PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:
$ echo $PATH
Verify your installation by using an oc
command:
$ oc <command>
You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig
file.
The kubeconfig
file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.
The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.
You deployed an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
You installed the oc
CLI.
Export the kubeadmin
credentials:
$ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig (1)
1 | For <installation_directory> , specify the path to the directory that you stored
the installation files in. |
Verify you can run oc
commands successfully using the exported configuration:
$ oc whoami
system:admin
The kubeadmin
user exists by default after an OpenShift Container Platform installation. You can log in to your cluster as the kubeadmin
user by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console.
You have access to the installation host.
You completed a cluster installation and all cluster Operators are available.
Obtain the password for the kubeadmin
user from the kubeadmin-password
file on the installation host:
$ cat <installation_directory>/auth/kubeadmin-password
Alternatively, you can obtain the |
List the OpenShift Container Platform web console route:
$ oc get routes -n openshift-console | grep 'console-openshift'
Alternatively, you can obtain the OpenShift Container Platform route from the |
console console-openshift-console.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> console https reencrypt/Redirect None
Navigate to the route detailed in the output of the preceding command in a web browser and log in as the kubeadmin
user.
In OpenShift Container Platform 4.15, the Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to OpenShift Cluster Manager.
After you confirm that your OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually by using OpenShift Cluster Manager, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.
See About remote health monitoring for more information about the Telemetry service.
See Accessing the web console for more details about accessing and understanding the OpenShift Container Platform web console
If necessary, you can opt out of remote health reporting.