example.com
You can install single-node OpenShift by using either the web-based Assisted Installer or the coreos-installer
tool to generate a discovery ISO image. The discovery ISO image writes the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) system configuration to the target installation disk, so that you can run a single-cluster node to meet your needs.
Consider using single-node OpenShift when you want to run a cluster in a low-resource or an isolated environment for testing, troubleshooting, training, or small-scale project purposes.
To install OpenShift Container Platform on a single node, use the web-based Assisted Installer wizard to guide you through the process and manage the installation.
See the Assisted Installer for OpenShift Container Platform documentation for details and configuration options.
Installing OpenShift Container Platform on a single node requires a discovery ISO, which the Assisted Installer can generate.
On the administration host, open a browser and navigate to Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager.
Click Create New Cluster to create a new cluster.
In the Cluster name field, enter a name for the cluster.
In the Base domain field, enter a base domain. For example:
example.com
All DNS records must be subdomains of this base domain and include the cluster name, for example:
<cluster_name>.example.com
You cannot change the base domain or cluster name after cluster installation. |
Select Install single node OpenShift (SNO) and complete the rest of the wizard steps. Download the discovery ISO.
Complete the remaining Assisted Installer wizard steps.
Ensure that you take note of the discovery ISO URL for installing with virtual media. If you enable OpenShift Virtualization during this process, you must have a second local storage device of at least 50GiB for your virtual machines. |
Use the Assisted Installer to install the single-node cluster.
Ensure that the boot drive order in the server BIOS settings defaults to booting the server from the target installation disk.
Attach the discovery ISO image to the target host.
Boot the server from the discovery ISO image. The discovery ISO image writes the system configuration to the target installation disk and automatically triggers a server restart.
On the administration host, return to the browser. Wait for the host to appear in the list of discovered hosts. If necessary, reload the Assisted Clusters page and select the cluster name.
Complete the install wizard steps. Add networking details, including a subnet from the available subnets. Add the SSH public key if necessary.
Monitor the installation’s progress. Watch the cluster events. After the installation process finishes writing the operating system image to the server’s hard disk, the server restarts.
Optional: Remove the discovery ISO image.
The server restarts several times automatically, deploying the control plane.
To install OpenShift Container Platform on a single node, first generate the installation ISO, and then boot the server from the ISO. You can monitor the installation using the openshift-install
installation program.
Installing OpenShift Container Platform on a single node requires an installation ISO, which you can generate with the following procedure.
Install podman
.
See "Requirements for installing OpenShift on a single node" for networking requirements, including DNS records. |
Set the OpenShift Container Platform version:
$ export OCP_VERSION=<ocp_version> (1)
1 | Replace <ocp_version> with the current version, for example, latest-4.15 |
Set the host architecture:
$ export ARCH=<architecture> (1)
1 | Replace <architecture> with the target host architecture, for example, aarch64 or x86_64 . |
Download the OpenShift Container Platform client (oc
) and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/ocp/$OCP_VERSION/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz -o oc.tar.gz
$ tar zxf oc.tar.gz
$ chmod +x oc
Download the OpenShift Container Platform installer and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/ocp/$OCP_VERSION/openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -o openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ chmod +x openshift-install
Retrieve the RHCOS ISO URL by running the following command:
$ export ISO_URL=$(./openshift-install coreos print-stream-json | grep location | grep $ARCH | grep iso | cut -d\" -f4)
Download the RHCOS ISO:
$ curl -L $ISO_URL -o rhcos-live.iso
Prepare the install-config.yaml
file:
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: <domain> (1)
compute:
- name: worker
replicas: 0 (2)
controlPlane:
name: master
replicas: 1 (3)
metadata:
name: <name> (4)
networking: (5)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16 (6)
networkType: OVNKubernetes
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
none: {}
bootstrapInPlace:
installationDisk: /dev/disk/by-id/<disk_id> (7)
pullSecret: '<pull_secret>' (8)
sshKey: |
<ssh_key> (9)
1 | Add the cluster domain name. |
2 | Set the compute replicas to 0 . This makes the control plane node schedulable. |
3 | Set the controlPlane replicas to 1 . In conjunction with the previous compute setting, this setting ensures the cluster runs on a single node. |
4 | Set the metadata name to the cluster name. |
5 | Set the networking details. OVN-Kubernetes is the only allowed network plugin type for single-node clusters. |
6 | Set the cidr value to match the subnet of the single-node OpenShift cluster. |
7 | Set the path to the installation disk drive, for example, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x64cd98f04fde100024684cf3034da5c2 . |
8 | Copy the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and add the contents to this configuration setting. |
9 | Add the public SSH key from the administration host so that you can log in to the cluster after installation. |
Generate OpenShift Container Platform assets by running the following commands:
$ mkdir ocp
$ cp install-config.yaml ocp
$ ./openshift-install --dir=ocp create single-node-ignition-config
Embed the ignition data into the RHCOS ISO by running the following commands:
$ alias coreos-installer='podman run --privileged --pull always --rm \
-v /dev:/dev -v /run/udev:/run/udev -v $PWD:/data \
-w /data quay.io/coreos/coreos-installer:release'
$ coreos-installer iso ignition embed -fi ocp/bootstrap-in-place-for-live-iso.ign rhcos-live.iso
See Requirements for installing OpenShift on a single node for more information about installing OpenShift Container Platform on a single node.
See Cluster capabilities for more information about enabling cluster capabilities that were disabled before installation.
See Optional cluster capabilities in OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for more information about the features provided by each capability.
Use openshift-install
to monitor the progress of the single-node cluster installation.
Ensure that the boot drive order in the server BIOS settings defaults to booting the server from the target installation disk.
Attach the discovery ISO image to the target host.
Boot the server from the discovery ISO image. The discovery ISO image writes the system configuration to the target installation disk and automatically triggers a server restart.
On the administration host, monitor the installation by running the following command:
$ ./openshift-install --dir=ocp wait-for install-complete
Optional: Remove the discovery ISO image.
The server restarts several times while deploying the control plane.
After the installation is complete, check the environment by running the following command:
$ export KUBECONFIG=ocp/auth/kubeconfig
$ oc get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
control-plane.example.com Ready master,worker 10m v1.28.5
The documentation for installer-provisioned installation on cloud providers is based on a high availability cluster consisting of three control plane nodes. When referring to the documentation, consider the differences between the requirements for a single-node OpenShift cluster and a high availability cluster.
A high availability cluster requires a temporary bootstrap machine, three control plane machines, and at least two compute machines. For a single-node OpenShift cluster, you need only a temporary bootstrap machine and one cloud instance for the control plane node and no compute nodes.
The minimum resource requirements for high availability cluster installation include a control plane node with 4 vCPUs and 100GB of storage. For a single-node OpenShift cluster, you must have a minimum of 8 vCPUs and 120GB of storage.
The controlPlane.replicas
setting in the install-config.yaml
file should be set to 1
.
The compute.replicas
setting in the install-config.yaml
file should be set to 0
.
This makes the control plane node schedulable.
The following table contains a list of supported cloud providers and CPU architectures.
Cloud provider | CPU architecture |
---|---|
Amazon Web Service (AWS) |
x86_64 and AArch64 |
Microsoft Azure |
x86_64 |
Google Cloud Platform (GCP) |
x86_64 and AArch64 |
Installing a single-node cluster on AWS requires installer-provisioned installation using the "Installing a cluster on AWS with customizations" procedure.
Installing a single node cluster on Azure requires installer-provisioned installation using the "Installing a cluster on Azure with customizations" procedure.
You can install software using a bootable USB drive that contains an ISO image. Booting the server with the USB drive prepares the server for the software installation.
On the administration host, insert a USB drive into a USB port.
Create a bootable USB drive, for example:
# dd if=<path_to_iso> of=<path_to_usb> status=progress
where:
is the relative path to the downloaded ISO file, for example, rhcos-live.iso
.
is the location of the connected USB drive, for example, /dev/sdb
.
After the ISO is copied to the USB drive, you can use the USB drive to install software on the server.
You can provision hosts in your network using ISOs that you install using the Redfish Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) API.
This example procedure demonstrates the steps on a Dell server. |
Ensure that you have the latest firmware version of iDRAC that is compatible with your hardware. If you have any issues with the hardware or firmware, you must contact the provider. |
Download the installation Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) ISO.
Use a Dell PowerEdge server that is compatible with iDRAC9.
Copy the ISO file to an HTTP server accessible in your network.
Boot the host from the hosted ISO file, for example:
Call the Redfish API to set the hosted ISO as the VirtualMedia
boot media by running the following command:
$ curl -k -u <bmc_username>:<bmc_password> -d '{"Image":"<hosted_iso_file>", "Inserted": true}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST <host_bmc_address>/redfish/v1/Managers/iDRAC.Embedded.1/VirtualMedia/CD/Actions/VirtualMedia.InsertMedia
Where:
Is the username and password for the target host BMC.
Is the URL for the hosted installation ISO, for example: http://webserver.example.com/rhcos-live-minimal.iso
. The ISO must be accessible from the target host machine.
Is the BMC IP address of the target host machine.
Set the host to boot from the VirtualMedia
device by running the following command:
$ curl -k -u <bmc_username>:<bmc_password> -X PATCH -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"Boot": {"BootSourceOverrideTarget": "Cd", "BootSourceOverrideMode": "UEFI", "BootSourceOverrideEnabled": "Once"}}' <host_bmc_address>/redfish/v1/Systems/System.Embedded.1
Reboot the host:
$ curl -k -u <bmc_username>:<bmc_password> -d '{"ResetType": "ForceRestart"}' -H 'Content-type: application/json' -X POST <host_bmc_address>/redfish/v1/Systems/System.Embedded.1/Actions/ComputerSystem.Reset
Optional: If the host is powered off, you can boot it using the {"ResetType": "On"}
switch. Run the following command:
$ curl -k -u <bmc_username>:<bmc_password> -d '{"ResetType": "On"}' -H 'Content-type: application/json' -X POST <host_bmc_address>/redfish/v1/Systems/System.Embedded.1/Actions/ComputerSystem.Reset
In some cases, you cannot attach an external disk drive to a server, however, you need to access the server remotely to provision a node. It is recommended to enable SSH access to the server. You can create a live RHCOS ISO with SSHd enabled and with predefined credentials so that you can access the server after it boots.
You installed the butane
utility.
Download the coreos-installer
binary from the coreos-installer
image mirror page.
Download the latest live RHCOS ISO from mirror.openshift.com.
Create the embedded.yaml
file that the butane
utility uses to create the Ignition file:
variant: openshift
version: 4.15.0
metadata:
name: sshd
labels:
machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker
passwd:
users:
- name: core (1)
ssh_authorized_keys:
- '<ssh_key>'
1 | The core user has sudo privileges. |
Run the butane
utility to create the Ignition file using the following command:
$ butane -pr embedded.yaml -o embedded.ign
After the Ignition file is created, you can include the configuration in a new live RHCOS ISO, which is named rhcos-sshd-4.15.0-x86_64-live.x86_64.iso
, with the coreos-installer
utility:
$ coreos-installer iso ignition embed -i embedded.ign rhcos-4.15.0-x86_64-live.x86_64.iso -o rhcos-sshd-4.15.0-x86_64-live.x86_64.iso
Check that the custom live ISO can be used to boot the server by running the following command:
# coreos-installer iso ignition show rhcos-sshd-4.15.0-x86_64-live.x86_64.iso
{
"ignition": {
"version": "3.2.0"
},
"passwd": {
"users": [
{
"name": "core",
"sshAuthorizedKeys": [
"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCZnG8AIzlDAhpyENpK2qKiTT8EbRWOrz7NXjRzopbPu215mocaJgjjwJjh1cYhgPhpAp6M/ttTk7I4OI7g4588Apx4bwJep6oWTU35LkY8ZxkGVPAJL8kVlTdKQviDv3XX12l4QfnDom4tm4gVbRH0gNT1wzhnLP+LKYm2Ohr9D7p9NBnAdro6k++XWgkDeijLRUTwdEyWunIdW1f8G0Mg8Y1Xzr13BUo3+8aey7HLKJMDtobkz/C8ESYA/f7HJc5FxF0XbapWWovSSDJrr9OmlL9f4TfE+cQk3s+eoKiz2bgNPRgEEwihVbGsCN4grA+RzLCAOpec+2dTJrQvFqsD alosadag@sonnelicht.local"
]
}
]
}
}
Installing a single-node cluster on IBM Z® and IBM® LinuxONE requires user-provisioned installation using either the "Installing a cluster with RHEL KVM on IBM Z® and IBM® LinuxONE" or the "Installing a cluster with z/VM on IBM Z® and IBM® LinuxONE" procedure.
Installing a single-node cluster on IBM Z® simplifies installation for development and test environments and requires less resource requirements at entry level. |
The equivalent of two Integrated Facilities for Linux (IFL), which are SMT2 enabled, for each cluster.
At least one network connection to both connect to the LoadBalancer
service and to serve data for traffic outside the cluster.
You can use dedicated or shared IFLs to assign sufficient compute resources. Resource sharing is one of the key strengths of IBM Z®. However, you must adjust capacity correctly on each hypervisor layer and ensure sufficient resources for every OpenShift Container Platform cluster. |
You have installed podman
.
Set the OpenShift Container Platform version by running the following command:
$ OCP_VERSION=<ocp_version> (1)
1 | Replace <ocp_version> with the current version, for example, latest-4.15 |
Set the host architecture by running the following command:
$ ARCH=<architecture> (1)
1 | Replace <architecture> with the target host architecture s390x . |
Download the OpenShift Container Platform client (oc
) and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/${ARCH}/clients/ocp/${OCP_VERSION}/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz -o oc.tar.gz
$ tar zxf oc.tar.gz
$ chmod +x oc
Download the OpenShift Container Platform installer and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/${ARCH}/clients/ocp/${OCP_VERSION}/openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -o openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ chmod +x openshift-install
Prepare the install-config.yaml
file:
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: <domain> (1)
compute:
- name: worker
replicas: 0 (2)
controlPlane:
name: master
replicas: 1 (3)
metadata:
name: <name> (4)
networking: (5)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16 (6)
networkType: OVNKubernetes
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
none: {}
bootstrapInPlace:
installationDisk: /dev/disk/by-id/<disk_id> (7)
pullSecret: '<pull_secret>' (8)
sshKey: |
<ssh_key> (9)
1 | Add the cluster domain name. |
2 | Set the compute replicas to 0 . This makes the control plane node schedulable. |
3 | Set the controlPlane replicas to 1 . In conjunction with the previous compute setting, this setting ensures the cluster runs on a single node. |
4 | Set the metadata name to the cluster name. |
5 | Set the networking details. OVN-Kubernetes is the only allowed network plugin type for single-node clusters. |
6 | Set the cidr value to match the subnet of the single-node OpenShift cluster. |
7 | Set the path to the installation disk drive, for example, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x64cd98f04fde100024684cf3034da5c2 . |
8 | Copy the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and add the contents to this configuration setting. |
9 | Add the public SSH key from the administration host so that you can log in to the cluster after installation. |
Generate OpenShift Container Platform assets by running the following commands:
$ mkdir ocp
$ cp install-config.yaml ocp
$ ./openshift-install --dir=ocp create single-node-ignition-config
Obtain the RHEL kernel
, initramfs
, and rootfs
artifacts from the Product Downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal or from the RHCOS image mirror page.
The RHCOS images might not change with every release of OpenShift Container Platform. You must download images with the highest version that is less than or equal to the OpenShift Container Platform version that you install. Only use the appropriate |
The file names contain the OpenShift Container Platform version number. They resemble the following examples:
kernel
rhcos-<version>-live-kernel-<architecture>
initramfs
rhcos-<version>-live-initramfs.<architecture>.img
rootfs
rhcos-<version>-live-rootfs.<architecture>.img
The |
Move the following artifacts and files to an HTTP or HTTPS server:
Downloaded RHEL live kernel
, initramfs
, and rootfs
artifacts
Ignition files
Create parameter files for a particular virtual machine:
rd.neednet=1 \
console=ttysclp0 \
coreos.live.rootfs_url=<rhcos_liveos>:8080/rootfs.img \(1)
ignition.firstboot ignition.platform.id=metal \
ignition.config.url=<rhcos_ign>:8080/ignition/bootstrap-in-place-for-live-iso.ign \(2)
ip=encbdd0:dhcp::02:00:00:02:34:02 (3)
rd.znet=qeth,0.0.bdd0,0.0.bdd1,0.0.bdd2,layer2=1 \
rd.dasd=0.0.4411 \(4)
rd.zfcp=0.0.8001,0x50050763040051e3,0x4000406300000000 \(5)
zfcp.allow_lun_scan=0 \
rd.luks.options=discard
1 | For the coreos.live.rootfs_url= artifact, specify the matching rootfs artifact for the kernel`and `initramfs you are booting. Only HTTP and HTTPS protocols are supported. |
2 | For the ignition.config.url= parameter, specify the Ignition file for the machine role. Only HTTP and HTTPS protocols are supported. |
3 | For the ip= parameter, assign the IP address automatically using DHCP or manually as described in "Installing a cluster with z/VM on IBM Z® and IBM® LinuxONE". |
4 | For installations on DASD-type disks, use rd.dasd= to specify the DASD where RHCOS is to be installed. Omit this entry for FCP-type disks. |
5 | For installations on FCP-type disks, use rd.zfcp=<adapter>,<wwpn>,<lun> to specify the FCP disk where RHCOS is to be installed. Omit this entry for DASD-type disks. |
Leave all other parameters unchanged.
Transfer the following artifacts, files, and images to z/VM. For example by using FTP:
kernel
and initramfs
artifacts
Parameter files
RHCOS images
For details about how to transfer the files with FTP and boot from the virtual reader, see Installing under Z/VM.
Punch the files to the virtual reader of the z/VM guest virtual machine that is to become your bootstrap node.
Log in to CMS on the bootstrap machine.
IPL the bootstrap machine from the reader by running the following command:
$ cp ipl c
After the first reboot of the virtual machine, run the following commands directly after one another:
To boot a DASD device after first reboot, run the following commands:
$ cp i <devno> clear loadparm prompt
where:
<devno>
Specifies the device number of the boot device as seen by the guest.
$ cp vi vmsg 0 <kernel_parameters>
where:
<kernel_parameters>
Specifies a set of kernel parameters to be stored as system control program data (SCPDATA). When booting Linux, these kernel parameters are concatenated to the end of the existing kernel parameters that are used by your boot configuration. The combined parameter string must not exceed 896 characters.
To boot an FCP device after first reboot, run the following commands:
$ cp set loaddev portname <wwpn> lun <lun>
where:
<wwpn>
Specifies the target port and <lun>
the logical unit in hexadecimal format.
$ cp set loaddev bootprog <n>
where:
<n>
Specifies the kernel to be booted.
$ cp set loaddev scpdata {APPEND|NEW} '<kernel_parameters>'
where:
<kernel_parameters>
Specifies a set of kernel parameters to be stored as system control program data (SCPDATA). When booting Linux, these kernel parameters are concatenated to the end of the existing kernel parameters that are used by your boot configuration. The combined parameter string must not exceed 896 characters.
<APPEND|NEW>
Optional: Specify APPEND
to append kernel parameters to existing SCPDATA. This is the default. Specify NEW
to replace existing SCPDATA.
$ cp set loaddev scpdata 'rd.zfcp=0.0.8001,0x500507630a0350a4,0x4000409D00000000
ip=encbdd0:dhcp::02:00:00:02:34:02 rd.neednet=1'
To start the IPL and boot process, run the following command:
$ cp i <devno>
where:
<devno>
Specifies the device number of the boot device as seen by the guest.
You have installed podman
.
Set the OpenShift Container Platform version by running the following command:
$ OCP_VERSION=<ocp_version> (1)
1 | Replace <ocp_version> with the current version, for example, latest-4.15 |
Set the host architecture by running the following command:
$ ARCH=<architecture> (1)
1 | Replace <architecture> with the target host architecture s390x . |
Download the OpenShift Container Platform client (oc
) and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/${ARCH}/clients/ocp/${OCP_VERSION}/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz -o oc.tar.gz
$ tar zxf oc.tar.gz
$ chmod +x oc
Download the OpenShift Container Platform installer and make it available for use by entering the following commands:
$ curl -k https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/${ARCH}/clients/ocp/${OCP_VERSION}/openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -o openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
$ chmod +x openshift-install
Prepare the install-config.yaml
file:
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: <domain> (1)
compute:
- name: worker
replicas: 0 (2)
controlPlane:
name: master
replicas: 1 (3)
metadata:
name: <name> (4)
networking: (5)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16 (6)
networkType: OVNKubernetes
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
none: {}
bootstrapInPlace:
installationDisk: /dev/disk/by-id/<disk_id> (7)
pullSecret: '<pull_secret>' (8)
sshKey: |
<ssh_key> (9)
1 | Add the cluster domain name. |
2 | Set the compute replicas to 0 . This makes the control plane node schedulable. |
3 | Set the controlPlane replicas to 1 . In conjunction with the previous compute setting, this setting ensures the cluster runs on a single node. |
4 | Set the metadata name to the cluster name. |
5 | Set the networking details. OVN-Kubernetes is the only allowed network plugin type for single-node clusters. |
6 | Set the cidr value to match the subnet of the single-node OpenShift cluster. |
7 | Set the path to the installation disk drive, for example, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x64cd98f04fde100024684cf3034da5c2 . |
8 | Copy the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and add the contents to this configuration setting. |
9 | Add the public SSH key from the administration host so that you can log in to the cluster after installation. |
Generate OpenShift Container Platform assets by running the following commands:
$ mkdir ocp
$ cp install-config.yaml ocp
$ ./openshift-install --dir=ocp create single-node-ignition-config
Obtain the RHEL kernel
, initramfs
, and rootfs
artifacts from the Product Downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal or from the RHCOS image mirror page.
The RHCOS images might not change with every release of OpenShift Container Platform. You must download images with the highest version that is less than or equal to the OpenShift Container Platform version that you install. Only use the appropriate |
The file names contain the OpenShift Container Platform version number. They resemble the following examples:
kernel
rhcos-<version>-live-kernel-<architecture>
initramfs
rhcos-<version>-live-initramfs.<architecture>.img
rootfs
rhcos-<version>-live-rootfs.<architecture>.img
Before you launch virt-install
, move the following files and artifacts to an HTTP or HTTPS server:
Downloaded RHEL live kernel
, initramfs
, and rootfs
artifacts
Ignition files
Create the KVM guest nodes by using the following components:
RHEL kernel
and initramfs
artifacts
Ignition files
The new disk image
Adjusted parm line arguments
$ virt-install \
--name <vm_name> \
--autostart \
--memory=<memory_mb> \
--cpu host \
--vcpus <vcpus> \
--location <media_location>,kernel=<rhcos_kernel>,initrd=<rhcos_initrd> \(1)
--disk size=100 \
--network network=<virt_network_parm> \
--graphics none \
--noautoconsole \
--extra-args "ip=<ip>::<gateway>:<mask>:<hostname>::none" \
--extra-args "nameserver=<name_server>" \
--extra-args "ip=dhcp rd.neednet=1 ignition.platform.id=metal ignition.firstboot" \
--extra-args "coreos.live.rootfs_url=<rhcos_liveos>" \(2)
--extra-args "ignition.config.url=<rhcos_ign>" \(3)
--extra-args "random.trust_cpu=on rd.luks.options=discard" \
--extra-args "console=ttysclp0" \
--wait
1 | For the --location parameter, specify the location of the kernel/initrd on the HTTP or HTTPS server. |
2 | For the coreos.live.rootfs_url= artifact, specify the matching rootfs artifact for the kernel and initramfs you are booting. Only HTTP and HTTPS protocols are supported. |
3 | For the ignition.config.url= parameter, specify the Ignition file for the machine role. Only HTTP and HTTPS protocols are supported. |
Installing a single-node cluster on IBM Power® requires user-provisioned installation using the "Installing a cluster with IBM Power®" procedure.
Installing a single-node cluster on IBM Power® simplifies installation for development and test environments and requires less resource requirements at entry level. |
The equivalent of two Integrated Facilities for Linux (IFL), which are SMT2 enabled, for each cluster.
At least one network connection to connect to the LoadBalancer
service and to serve data for traffic outside of the cluster.
You can use dedicated or shared IFLs to assign sufficient compute resources. Resource sharing is one of the key strengths of IBM Power®. However, you must adjust capacity correctly on each hypervisor layer and ensure sufficient resources for every OpenShift Container Platform cluster. |
Prior to installing single-node OpenShift on IBM Power®, you must set up bastion. Setting up a bastion server for single-node OpenShift on IBM Power® requires the configuration of the following services:
PXE is used for the single-node OpenShift cluster installation. PXE requires the following services to be configured and run:
DNS to define api, api-int, and *.apps
DHCP service to enable PXE and assign an IP address to single-node OpenShift node
HTTP to provide ignition and RHCOS rootfs image
TFTP to enable PXE
You must install dnsmasq
to support DNS, DHCP and PXE, httpd for HTTP.
Use the following procedure to configure a bastion server that meets these requirements.
Use the following command to install grub2
, which is required to enable PXE for PowerVM:
grub2-mknetdir --net-directory=/var/lib/tftpboot
/var/lib/tftpboot/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
filedefault=0
fallback=1
timeout=1
if [ ${net_default_mac} == fa:b0:45:27:43:20 ]; then
menuentry "CoreOS (BIOS)" {
echo "Loading kernel"
linux "/rhcos/kernel" ip=dhcp rd.neednet=1 ignition.platform.id=metal ignition.firstboot coreos.live.rootfs_url=http://192.168.10.5:8000/install/rootfs.img ignition.config.url=http://192.168.10.5:8000/ignition/sno.ign
echo "Loading initrd"
initrd "/rhcos/initramfs.img"
}
fi
Use the following commands to download RHCOS image files from the mirror repo for PXE.
Enter the following command to assign the RHCOS_URL
variable the follow 4.12 URL:
$ export RHCOS_URL=https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/ppc64le/dependencies/rhcos/4.12/latest/
Enter the following command to navigate to the /var/lib/tftpboot/rhcos
directory:
$ cd /var/lib/tftpboot/rhcos
Enter the following command to download the specified RHCOS kernel file from the URL stored in the RHCOS_URL
variable:
$ wget ${RHCOS_URL}/rhcos-live-kernel-ppc64le -o kernel
Enter the following command to download the RHCOS initramfs
file from the URL stored in the RHCOS_URL
variable:
$ wget ${RHCOS_URL}/rhcos-live-initramfs.ppc64le.img -o initramfs.img
Enter the following command to navigate to the /var//var/www/html/install/
directory:
$ cd /var//var/www/html/install/
Enter the following command to download, and save, the RHCOS root filesystem
image file from the URL stored in the RHCOS_URL
variable:
$ wget ${RHCOS_URL}/rhcos-live-rootfs.ppc64le.img -o rootfs.img
To create the ignition file for a single-node OpenShift cluster, you must create the install-config.yaml
file.
Enter the following command to create the work directory that holds the file:
$ mkdir -p ~/sno-work
Enter the following command to navigate to the ~/sno-work
directory:
$ cd ~/sno-work
Use the following sample file can to create the required install-config.yaml
in the ~/sno-work
directory:
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: <domain> (1)
compute:
- name: worker
replicas: 0 (2)
controlPlane:
name: master
replicas: 1 (3)
metadata:
name: <name> (4)
networking: (5)
clusterNetwork:
- cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
hostPrefix: 23
machineNetwork:
- cidr: 10.0.0.0/16 (6)
networkType: OVNKubernetes
serviceNetwork:
- 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
none: {}
bootstrapInPlace:
installationDisk: /dev/disk/by-id/<disk_id> (7)
pullSecret: '<pull_secret>' (8)
sshKey: |
<ssh_key> (9)
1 | Add the cluster domain name. |
2 | Set the compute replicas to 0 . This makes the control plane node schedulable. |
3 | Set the controlPlane replicas to 1 . In conjunction with the previous compute setting, this setting ensures that the cluster runs on a single node. |
4 | Set the metadata name to the cluster name. |
5 | Set the networking details. OVN-Kubernetes is the only allowed network plugin type for single-node clusters. |
6 | Set the cidr value to match the subnet of the single-node OpenShift cluster. |
7 | Set the path to the installation disk drive, for example, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x64cd98f04fde100024684cf3034da5c2 . |
8 | Copy the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and add the contents to this configuration setting. |
9 | Add the public SSH key from the administration host so that you can log in to the cluster after installation. |
Download the openshift-install
image to create the ignition file and copy it to the http
directory.
Enter the following command to download the openshift-install-linux-4.12.0
.tar file:
$ wget https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/ppc64le/clients/ocp/4.12.0/openshift-install-linux-4.12.0.tar.gz
Enter the following command to unpack the openshift-install-linux-4.12.0.tar.gz
archive:
$ tar xzvf openshift-install-linux-4.12.0.tar.gz
Enter the following command to
$ ./openshift-install --dir=~/sno-work create create single-node-ignition-config
Enter the following command to create the ignition file:
$ cp ~/sno-work/single-node-ignition-config.ign /var/www/html/ignition/sno.ign
Enter the following command to restore SELinux file for the /var/www/html
directory:
$ restorecon -vR /var/www/html || true
Bastion now has all the required files and is properly configured in order to install single-node OpenShift.
You have set up bastion.
There are two steps for the single-node OpenShift cluster installation. First the single-node OpenShift logical partition (LPAR) needs to boot up with PXE, then you need to monitor the installation progress.
Use the following command to boot powerVM with netboot:
$ lpar_netboot -i -D -f -t ent -m <sno_mac> -s auto -d auto -S <server_ip> -C <sno_ip> -G <gateway> <lpar_name> default_profile <cec_name>
where:
Specifies the MAC address of the single-node OpenShift cluster.
Specifies the IP address of the single-node OpenShift cluster.
Specifies the IP address of bastion (PXE server).
Specifies the Network’s gateway IP.
Specifies the single-node OpenShift lpar name in HMC.
Specifies the System name where the sno_lpar resides
After the single-node OpenShift LPAR boots up with PXE, use the openshift-install
command to monitor the progress of installation:
Run the following command after the bootstrap is complete:
./openshift-install wait-for bootstrap-complete
Run the following command after it returns successfully:
./openshift-install wait-for install-complete