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Common vulnerability management tasks

Finding critical CVEs impacting your infrastructure

Use the Vulnerability Management view for identifying CVEs that are impacting your platform the most.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. Select CVEs on the Vulnerability Management view header.

  3. In the CVEs view, select the Env Impact column header to arrange the CVEs in descending order (highest first) based on the environment impact.

Finding the most vulnerable image components

Use the Vulnerability Management view for identifying highly vulnerable image components.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. From the Vulnerability Management view header, select Application & Infrastructure → Components.

  3. In the Components view, select the CVEs column header to arrange the components in descending order (highest first) based on the CVEs count.

Identifying the container image layer that introduces vulnerabilities

Use the Vulnerability Management view to identify vulnerable components and the image layer they appear in.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. Select an image from either the Top Riskiest Images widget or click the Images button at the top of the Dashboard and select an image.

  3. In the Image details view, next to Dockerfile, select the expand icon to see a summary of image components.

  4. Select the expand icon for specific components to get more details about the CVEs affecting the selected component.

You can also view this information by navigating to Vulnerability Management (2.0) → Workload CVEs. See "Viewing workload CVEs in Vulnerability Management (2.0)" in the "Additional Resources" section for more information.

Identifying Dockerfile lines in images that introduced components with CVEs

You can identify specific Dockerfile lines in an image that introduced components with CVEs.

Procedure

To view a problematic line:

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. Select an image from either the Top Riskiest Images widget or click the Images button at the top of the Dashboard and select an image.

  3. In the Image details view, under Image Findings, CVEs are listed in the Observed CVEs, Deferred CVEs, and False positive CVEs tabs.

  4. Locate the CVE you want to examine further. In the Affected Components column, click on the <number> Components link to view a list of components affected by the CVE. You can perform the following actions in this window:

    • Click the expand icon next to a specific component to view the Dockerfile line in the image that introduced the CVE. To address the CVE, you need to change this line in the Dockerfile; for example, you can upgrade the component.

    • Click the name of the component to go to the Component Summary page and view more information about the component.

You can also view this information by navigating to Vulnerability Management (2.0) → Workload CVEs. See "Viewing workload CVEs in Vulnerability Management (2.0)" in the "Additional Resources" section for more information.

Viewing details only for fixable CVEs

Use the Vulnerability Management view to filter and show only the fixable CVEs.

Procedure
 In the {product-title-short} portal, go to *Vulnerability Management*.
. From the *Vulnerability Management* view header, select *Filter CVEs* -> *Fixable*.

Identifying the operating system of the base image

Use the Vulnerability Management view to identify the operating system of the base image.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. From the Vulnerability Management view header, select Images.

  3. View the base operating system (OS) and OS version for all images under the Image OS column.

  4. Select an image to view its details. The base operating system is also available under the Image Summary → Details and Metadata section.

Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes lists the Image OS as unknown when either:

  • The operating system information is not available, or

  • If the image scanner in use does not provide this information.

Docker Trusted Registry, Google Container Registry, and Anchore do not provide this information.

You can also view this information by navigating to Vulnerability Management (2.0) → Workload CVEs. See "Viewing workload CVEs in Vulnerability Management (2.0)" in the "Additional Resources" section for more information.

Identifying top risky objects

Use the Vulnerability Management view for identifying the top risky objects in your environment. The Top Risky widget displays information about the top risky images, deployments, clusters, and namespaces in your environment. The risk is determined based on the number of vulnerabilities and their CVSS scores.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. Select the Top Risky widget header to choose between riskiest images, deployments, clusters, and namespaces.

    The small circles on the chart represent the chosen object (image, deployment, cluster, namespace). Hover over the circles to see an overview of the object they represent. And select a circle to view detailed information about the selected object, its related entities, and the connections between them.

    For example, if you are viewing Top Risky Deployments by CVE Count and CVSS score, each circle on the chart represents a deployment.

    • When you hover over a deployment, you see an overview of the deployment, which includes deployment name, name of the cluster and namespace, severity, risk priority, CVSS, and CVE count (including fixable).

    • When you select a deployment, the Deployment view opens for the selected deployment. The Deployment view shows in-depth details of the deployment and includes information about policy violations, common vulnerabilities, CVEs, and riskiest images for that deployment.

  3. Select View All on the widget header to view all objects of the chosen type. For example, if you chose Top Risky Deployments by CVE Count and CVSS score, you can select View All to view detailed information about all deployments in your infrastructure.

Identifying top riskiest images and components

Similar to the Top Risky, the Top Riskiest widget lists the names of the top riskiest images and components. This widget also includes the total number of CVEs and the number of fixable CVEs in the listed images.

Procedure

  1. Go to the RHACS portal and click Vulnerability Management from the navigation menu.

  2. Select the Top Riskiest Images widget header to choose between the riskiest images and components. If you are viewing Top Riskiest Images:

    • When you hover over an image in the list, you see an overview of the image, which includes image name, scan time, and the number of CVEs along with severity (critical, high, medium, and low).

    • When you select an image, the Image view opens for the selected image. The Image view shows in-depth details of the image and includes information about CVEs by CVSS score, top riskiest components, fixable CVEs, and Dockerfile for the image.

  3. Select View All on the widget header to view all objects of the chosen type. For example, if you chose Top Riskiest Components, you can select View All to view detailed information about all components in your infrastructure.

Viewing the Dockerfile for an image

Use the Vulnerability Management view to find the root cause of vulnerabilities in an image. You can view the Dockerfile and find exactly which command in the Dockerfile introduced the vulnerabilities and all components that are associated with that single command.

The Dockerfile section shows information about:

  • All the layers in the Dockerfile

  • The instructions and their value for each layer

  • The components included in each layer

  • The number of CVEs in components for each layer

When there are components introduced by a specific layer, you can select the expand icon to see a summary of its components. If there are any CVEs in those components, you can select the expand icon for an individual component to get more details about the CVEs affecting that component.

Procedure

  1. In the RHACS portal, go to Vulnerability Management.

  2. Select an image from either the Top Riskiest Images widget or click the Images button at the top of the Dashboard and select an image.

  3. In the Image details view, next to Dockerfile, select the expand icon to see a summary of instructions, values, creation date, and components.

  4. Select the expand icon for an individual component to view more information.

You can also view this information by navigating to Vulnerability Management (2.0) → Workload CVEs. See "Viewing workload CVEs in Vulnerability Management (2.0)" in the "Additional Resources" section for more information.

Disabling identifying vulnerabilities in nodes

Identifying vulnerabilities in nodes is enabled by default. You can disable it from the RHACS portal.

Procedure

  1. In the RHACS portal, go to Platform Configuration → Integrations.

  2. Under Image Integrations, select StackRox Scanner.

  3. From the list of scanners, select StackRox Scanner to view its details.

  4. Remove the Node Scanner option from Types.

  5. Select Save.

Scanning inactive images

Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes (RHACS) scans all active (deployed) images every 4 hours and updates the image scan results to reflect the latest vulnerability definitions.

You can also configure RHACS to scan inactive (not deployed) images automatically.

Procedure

  1. In the RHACS portal, go to Vulnerability Management (2.0) → Workload CVEs (Tech preview).

  2. Click <number> Images to display a list of images and locate the image you want to watch.

  3. Click the overflow menu, kebab, and then select Watch image. RHACS then scans the image and shows an error or success message.

  4. (Optional) To remove a watched image, click the overflow menu, kebab, and then select Unwatch image.

  5. (Optional) You can view the list of all watched images and add additional images to watch by clicking Manage watched images in the page header.

    In the RHACS portal, click Platform Configuration → System Configuration to view the data retention configuration.

    All the data related to the image removed from the watched image list continues to appear in the RHACS portal for the number of days mentioned on the System Configuration page and is only removed after that period is over.

  6. Click Close to return to the Workload CVEs page.

Creating policies to block specific CVEs

You can create new policies or add specific CVEs to an existing policy from the Vulnerability Management view.

Procedure

  1. Click CVEs from the Vulnerability Management view header.

  2. You can select the checkboxes for one or more CVEs, and then click Add selected CVEs to Policy (add icon) or move the mouse over a CVE in the list, and select the Add icon.

  3. For Policy Name:

    • To add the CVE to an existing policy, select an existing policy from the drop-down list box.

    • To create a new policy, enter the name for the new policy, and select Create <policy_name>.

  4. Select a value for Severity, either Critical, High, Medium, or Low.

  5. Choose the Lifecycle Stage to which your policy is applicable, from Build, or Deploy. You can also select both life-cycle stages.

  6. Enter details about the policy in the Description box.

  7. Turn off the Enable Policy toggle if you want to create the policy but enable it later. The Enable Policy toggle is on by default.

  8. Verify the listed CVEs which are included in this policy.

  9. Click Save Policy.

Viewing recently detected vulnerabilities

The Recently Detected Vulnerabilities widget on the Vulnerability Management view shows a list of recently discovered vulnerabilities in your scanned images, based on the scan time and CVSS score. It also includes information about the number of images affected by the CVE and its impact (percentage) on your environment.

  • When you hover over a CVE in the list, you see an overview of the CVE, which includes scan time, CVSS score, description, impact, and whether it’s scored by using CVSS v2 or v3.

  • When you select a CVE, the CVE details view opens for the selected CVE. The CVE details view shows in-depth details of the CVE and the components, images, and deployments and deployments in which it appears.

  • Select View All on the Recently Detected Vulnerabilities widget header to view a list of all the CVEs in your infrastructure. You can also filter the list of CVEs.

Viewing the most common vulnerabilities

The Most Common Vulnerabilities widget on the Vulnerability Management view shows a list of vulnerabilities that affect the largest number of deployments and images arranged by their CVSS score.

  • When you hover over a CVE in the list, you see an overview of the CVE which includes, scan time, CVSS score, description, impact, and whether it is scored by using CVSS v2 or v3.

  • When you select a CVE, the CVE details view opens for the selected CVE. The CVE details view shows in-depth details of the CVE and the components, images, and deployments and deployments in which it appears.

  • Select View All on the Most Common Vulnerabilities widget header to view a list of all the CVEs in your infrastructure. You can also filter the list of CVEs. To export the CVEs as a CSV file, select Export → Download CVES as CSV.

Identifying deployments with most severe policy violations

The Deployments with most severe policy violations widget on the Vulnerability Management view shows a list of deployments and severity of vulnerabilities affecting that deployment.

  • When you hover over a deployment in the list, you see an overview of the deployment, which includes the deployment name, the name of the cluster and the namespace in which the deployment exists, and the number of failing policies and their severity.

  • When you select a deployment, the Deployment view opens for the selected deployment. The Deployment view shows in-depth details of the deployment and includes information about policy violations, common vulnerabilities, CVEs, and riskiest images for that deployment.

  • Select View All on the Most Common Vulnerabilities widget header to view a list of all the CVEs in your infrastructure. You can also filter the list of CVEs. To export the CVEs as a CSV file, select Export → Download CVES as CSV.

Finding clusters with most Kubernetes and Istio vulnerabilities

Use the Vulnerability Management (1.0) view for identifying the clusters with most Kubernetes, Red Hat OpenShift, and Istio vulnerabilities (deprecated) in your environment.

The Clusters with most orchestrator and Istio vulnerabilities widget shows a list of clusters, ranked by the number of Kubernetes, Red Hat OpenShift, and Istio vulnerabilities (deprecated) in each cluster. The cluster on top of the list is the cluster with the highest number of vulnerabilities.

Procedure

  1. Click on one of the clusters from the list to view details about the cluster. The Cluster view includes:

    • Cluster Summary section, which shows cluster details and metadata, top risky objects (deployments, namespaces, and images), recently detected vulnerabilities, riskiest images, and deployments with the most severe policy violations.

    • Cluster Findings section, which includes a list of failing policies and list of fixable CVEs.

    • Related Entities section, which shows the number of namespaces, deployments, policies, images, components, and CVEs the cluster contains. You can select these entities to view more details.

  2. Click View All on the widget header to view the list of all clusters.

Identifying vulnerabilities in nodes

You can use the Vulnerability Management view to identify vulnerabilities in your nodes. The identified vulnerabilities include vulnerabilities in:

  • Core Kubernetes components.

  • Container runtimes (Docker, CRI-O, runC, and containerd).

    • Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes can identify vulnerabilities in the following operating systems:

      • Amazon Linux 2

      • CentOS

      • Debian

      • Garden Linux (Debian 11)

      • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

      • Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)

      • Ubuntu (AWS, Microsoft Azure, GCP, and GKE specific versions)
Procedure

  1. In the RHACS portal, go to Vulnerability Management → Dashboard.

  2. Select Nodes on the Dashboard view header to view a list of all the CVEs affecting your nodes.

  3. Select a node from the list to view details of all CVEs affecting that node.

    1. When you select a node, the Node details panel opens for the selected node. The Node view shows in-depth details of the node and includes information about CVEs by CVSS score and fixable CVEs for that node.

    2. Select View All on the CVEs by CVSS score widget header to view a list of all the CVEs in the selected node. You can also filter the list of CVEs.

    3. To export the fixable CVEs as a CSV file, select Export as CSV under the Node Findings section.